For a future in the Engineering and Technology pathway, students should study and apply principles from advanced mathematics, life sciences, physical science, earth and space science, and technology. In addition, future engineers and technologists should learn certain processes in mathematics, science and technology. In Grades 9-12, all future engineers and technologists should study mathematics each year, learning important mathematical concepts and processes defined by the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics in Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. With such knowledge and skills, students will be able to demonstrate the following skills: apply mathematics, science and technology concepts to solve problems quantitatively in engineering projects involving design, development or production in various technologies; and recognize the core concepts of technology and their relationships with engineering, science and math, and other subjects. All future engineers and technologists should learn important science concepts and processes with an understanding of physics, chemistry and biology as a minimal set. These concepts and processes are defined by the National Research Council in the National Science Education Standards and by the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Benchmarks for Science Literacy. Additionally, learners should become proficient in the areas of technology defined by the Standards for Technological Literacy.